Public Health MCQs for AMC Part 1 Exam

ByAMC Wise

Question 6001

Which of the following category is not eligible to receive free Influenza vaccine in Australia?

  • A) Children 6 months to less than 5 years.
  • B) Pregnant women
  • C) People aged 60 and over
  • D) Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
  • E) People aged 6 months with Cystic Fibrosis

Answer: C) People aged 60 and over

Free seasonal influenza vaccine is funded under the National Immunisation Program (NIP) in Australia for the following groups at higher risk of complications from influenza:

  • People aged six months to less than five years (can be given at the same time as childhood vaccines)
  • Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged six months and older
  • Pregnant women (can be given at any stage of each pregnancy)
  • People aged 65 years and older (a vaccine that is specifically designed to produce a higher immune response is available for this group).
  • People aged six months and older with medical conditions putting them at increased risk of severe influenza and its complications including Cystic Fibrosis

Question 6002

Which of the following is an absolute contraindication to receive a live vaccine?

  • A) Pregnancy
  • B) Breastfeeding mother
  • C) Family history of anaphylaxis following same vaccine
  • D) Receiving replacement corticosteroids
  • E) Treatment with antibiotics

Answer: A) Pregnancy

Pregnant women should not receive live vaccines, in general. Women should be advised not to become pregnant within 28 days of receiving a live vaccine. Additionally, People who are significantly immunocompromised should not receive live vaccines. The other 4 are not contraindications to receive live vaccines.

Question 6003

You are a medical researcher developing a new diagnostic test for a rare disease. In your study, you find that your test has a sensitivity of 95%. Which of the following statements accurately describes the sensitivity of this test?

  • A) Sensitivity is the probability of a true positive result.
  • B) Sensitivity is the probability of a true negative result.
  • C) Sensitivity is the probability of a false positive result.
  • D) Sensitivity is the probability of detecting true positive cases among all actual positive cases.
  • E) Sensitivity is the probability of detecting true negative cases among all actual negative cases.

D) Sensitivity is the probability of detecting true positive cases among all actual positive cases.

Sensitivity, also known as the true positive rate or recall, measures the ability of a diagnostic test to correctly identify individuals who have the condition (true positives) among all individuals who actually have the condition (true positives + false negatives). In this scenario, with a sensitivity of 95%, the test correctly identifies 95% of the individuals who have the rare disease among all individuals who truly have the disease. Therefore, option D is the correct answer as it accurately defines sensitivity.

Question 6004

You have developed a new diagnostic test for a common infection. In your study, you find that your test has a specificity of 90%. Which of the following statements accurately describes the specificity of this test?

  • A) Specificity is the probability of a true positive result.
  • B) Specificity is the probability of a true negative result.
  • C) Specificity is the probability of a false positive result.
  • D) Specificity is the probability of correctly identifying individuals with the infection among all individuals with the infection.
  • E) Specificity is the probability of correctly identifying individuals without the infection among all individuals without the infection.

E) Specificity is the probability of correctly identifying individuals without the infection among all individuals without the infection.

Specificity measures the ability of a diagnostic test to correctly identify individuals who do not have the condition (true negatives) among all individuals who do not have the condition (true negatives + false positives). In this scenario, with a specificity of 90%, the test correctly identifies 90% of the individuals who do not have the common infection among all individuals who truly do not have the infection. Therefore, option E is the correct answer as it accurately defines specificity.

Question 6005

You have developed a new diagnostic test for a rare disease. In your study, you find that your test has a positive predictive value (PPV) of 80%. Which of the following statements accurately describes the positive predictive value of this test?

  • A) PPV is the probability of a true positive result.
  • B) PPV is the probability of a true negative result.
  • C) PPV is the probability that a positive test result truly indicates the presence of the disease among all individuals with positive test results.
  • D) PPV is the probability that a positive test result truly indicates the absence of the disease among all individuals with negative test results.
  • E) PPV is the probability of a false positive result.

C) PPV is the probability that a positive test result truly indicates the presence of the disease among all individuals with positive test results.

Positive Predictive Value (PPV) is a measure of the probability that a positive test result is accurate and truly indicates the presence of the condition or disease in question. In this scenario, with a PPV of 80%, the test has an 80% chance of correctly identifying individuals who have the rare disease among all individuals who received a positive test result. Therefore, option C is the correct answer as it accurately defines PPV.

Question 6006

You have developed a new diagnostic test for a common condition. In your study, you find that your test has a negative predictive value (NPV) of 90%. Which of the following statements accurately describes the negative predictive value of this test?

  • A) NPV is the probability of a true positive result.
  • B) NPV is the probability of a true negative result.
  • C) NPV is the probability of a false negative result.
  • D) NPV is the probability that a negative test result truly indicates the absence of the condition among all individuals with negative test results.
  • E) NPV is the probability that a negative test result truly indicates the presence of the condition among all individuals with negative test results.

D) NPV is the probability that a negative test result truly indicates the absence of the condition among all individuals with negative test results.

Negative Predictive Value (NPV) is a measure of the probability that a negative test result is accurate and truly indicates the absence of the condition or disease in question. In this scenario, with an NPV of 90%, the test has a 90% chance of correctly identifying individuals who do not have the common condition among all individuals who received a negative test result. Therefore, option D is the correct answer as it accurately defines NPV.

Question 6007

Who is recommended to undergo regular Cervical Screening Tests in Australia?

  • A) Women aged 18 to 74
  • B) Women aged 25 to 74
  • C) Women aged 50 to 74
  • D) Women aged 30 to 74
  • E) Women aged 40 to 74

Answer: B) Women aged 25 to 74

According to current Australian guidelines, women in this age group are advised to undergo regular Cervical Screening Tests every 5 years.

Question 6008

A 25-year-old Aboriginal woman is brought to the Emergency Department (ED) of a regional hospital. She presents with heightened agitation, hostility, and aggression. Despite attempts at verbal de-escalation, her distress intensifies, and she begins making threatening statements to the medical staff if she is not allowed to go from the ED. Hospital security is already present at the scene. What would be the most appropriate next step in her management?

  • A) Call the police
  • B) Sedate with IM injections
  • C) Physically restrain her
  • D) Request assistance from an Aboriginal health worker
  • E) Respect the patient’s wishes and let her go

Answer: D) Request assistance from an Aboriginal health worker

In situations involving an agitated and aggressive Aboriginal patient, particularly when verbal de-escalation efforts prove ineffective, the most appropriate next step is to seek assistance from an Aboriginal health worker.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander hospital liaison officers (IHLOs) or Aboriginal health workers are crucial in establishing rapport, understanding cultural nuances, and effectively communicating with Aboriginal patients.

The familiarity of these healthcare professionals with the cultural background and sensitivities of the Aboriginal community allows for a more tailored and culturally competent approach to de-escalating the situation. Calling upon an Aboriginal health worker before considering physical restraint or involving law enforcement is essential in ensuring a respectful and culturally sensitive response to the individual’s needs.

Question 6009

A 35-year-old patient, recently diagnosed with HIV, has been in a committed relationship with his partner for the past six months. Despite multiple counseling sessions regarding the importance of disclosure and contact tracing, the patient consistently refuses to inform his partner about his HIV status. In this scenario, what would be the most appropriate action to take?

  • A) Proceed with a court order
  • B) Notify the health authority of the state
  • C) Respect patient’s privacy and don’t notify the partner
  • D) Notify the partner personally
  • E) Advise safe sex practices

Answer: B) Notify the health authority of the state

In STIs, contact tracing is the responsibility of the doctor. Given the patient’s refusal to disclose their HIV status to their partner despite multiple counseling sessions, notifying the health authority of the state becomes crucial. This ensures that public health measures are taken to address the potential risk to the partner’s health while respecting the patient’s privacy.

References

Similar Posts

Psychiatry MCQs for AMC Part 1 Exam

Psychiatry MCQs for AMC Part 1 Exam

ByAMC Wise

Understanding psychiatry disorders is a crucial component of medical knowledge, and it’s indispensable for success in the AMC Part 1 CAT MCQ exam. Whether you’re a dedicated medical student or a healthcare professional gearing up to tackle the challenges of this comprehensive exam, we present to you a thoughtfully curated collection of multiple-choice questions (MCQs)…

MCQs on ENT diseases

MCQs on ENT diseases

ByAMC Wise

Question 2201-1 A 3-year-old child presents to you with irritability, pulling at their ear, and a fever for the past two days. On examination, you observe a bulging and erythematous tympanic membrane in the right ear. The child has been experiencing a cold and nasal congestion recently. What is the most likely diagnosis? Question 2201-2…